यम [ yama ] [ yáma ] m. a rein , curb , bridle Lit. RV. v , 61 , 2

  a driver , charioteer Lit. ib. viii , 103 , 10

  the act of checking or curbing , suppression , restraint (with [ vācām ] , restraint of words , silence) Lit. BhP.

  self-control forbearance , any great moral rule or duty (as opp. to [ niyama ] , a minor observance ; in Lit. Yājñ. iii , 313 ten Yamas are mentioned , sometimes only five) Lit. Mn. Lit. MBh.

  (in Yoga) self-restraint (as the first of the eight Aṅgas or means of attaining mental concentration) Lit. IW. 93

  any rule or observance Lit. PārGṛ.

  [ yama ] m. f. n. twin-born , twin , forming a pair Lit. RV.

  m. a twin , one of a pair or couple , a fellow (du. " the twins " N. of the Aśvins and of their twin children by Mādrī , called Nakula and Saha-deva ; [ yamau mithunau ] , twins of different sex) Lit. ib.

  a symbolical N. for the number " two " Lit. Hcat.

  N. of the god who presides over the Pitṛis ( q.v.) and rules the spirits of the dead Lit. RV. Lit. IW. 18 ; 197 , 198 Lit. RTL. 10 ; 16 ; 289 (he is regarded as the first of men and born from Vivasvat , " the Sun " , and his wife Saraṇyū ; while his brother , the seventh Manu , another form of the first man , is the son of Vivasvat and Saṃjñā , the image of Saraṇyū ; his twin-sister is Yamī , with whom he resists sexual alliance , but by whom he is mourned after his death , so that the gods , to make her forget her sorrow , create night ; in the Veda he is called a king or [ saṃgamano janānām ] , " the gatherer of men " , and rules over the departed fathers in heaven , the road to which is guarded by two broad-nosed , four-eyed , spotted dogs , the children of Śaramā q.v. ; in Post-vedic mythology he is the appointed Judge and " Restrainer " or " Punisher " of the dead , in which capacity he is also called [ dharmarāja ] or [ dharma ] and corresponds to the Greek Pluto and to Minos ; his abode is in some region of the lower world called Yama-pura ; thither a soul when it leaves the body , is said to repair , and there , after the recorder , Citra-gupta , has read an account of its actions kept in a book called Agra-saṃdhānā , it receives a just sentence ; in Lit. MBh. Yama is described as dressed in blood-red garments , with a glittering form , a crown on his head , glowing eyes and like Varuṇa , holding a noose , with which he binds the spirit after drawing it from the body , in size about the measure of a man's thumb ; he is otherwise represented as grim in aspect , green in colour , clothed in red , riding on a buffalo , and holding a club in one hind and noose in the other ; in the later mythology he is always represented as a terrible deity inflicting tortures , called [ yātanā ] , on departed spirits ; he is also one of the 8 guardians of the world as regent of the South quarter ; he is the regent of the Nakshatra Apa-bharaṇī or Bharaṇī , the supposed author of Lit. RV. x , 10 ; 14 , of a hymn to Vishṇu and of a law-book ; [ yamasyārkaḥ ] N. of a Sāman Lit. ĀrshBr.) ( 846,1 )

  N. of the planet Saturn (regarded as the son of Vivasvat and Chāyā) Lit. Hariv. Lit. BhP.

  of one of Skanda's attendants (mentioned together with Ati-yama) Lit. MBh.

  a crow Lit. L. ( cf. [ -dūtaka ] )

  a bad horse (whose limbs are either too small or too large) Lit. L.

  [ yamī ] f. N. of Yama's twin-sister (who is identified in Postvedic mythology with the river-goddess Yamunā) Lit. RV.

  [ yama ] n. a pair , brace , couple Lit. L.

  (in gram.) a twin-letter (the consonant interposed and generally understood , but not written in practice , between a nasal immediately preceded by one of the four other consonants in each class) Lit. Prāt. Lit. Pat. on Lit. Pāṇ. 1-1 , 8

  pitch of the voice , tone of utterance , key Lit. Prāt.