करण [ karaṇa ] [ káraṇa ] m. f. n ( once [ karaṇá ] Lit. RV. i , 119 , 7) doing , making , effecting , causing (esp. ifc. ; cf. [ antakaraṇa ] , [ uṣṇaṃ-k ] , ) Lit. R.

  clever , skilful Lit. RV. i , 119 , 7

  [ karaṇa ] m. a helper , companion Lit. AV. vi , 46 , 2 ; xv , 5 , 1-6 ; xix , 57 , 3

  a man of a mixed class (the son of an outcast Kshatriya Lit. Mn. x , 22 ; or the son of a Śūdra woman by a Vaiśya Lit. Yājñ. i , 92 ; or the son of a Vaiśya woman by a Kshatriya Lit. MBh. i , 2446 ; 4521 ; the occupation of this class is writing , accounts )

  writer , scribe Lit. W.

  m. ( in Gr.) a sound or word as an independent part of speech ( or as separated from the context ; in this sense usually n.) Lit. Kāś. on Lit. Pāṇ. 3-1 , 41 Lit. Pat. Comm. on Lit. RPrāt.

  m. (in mus.) a kind of time Lit. Kum. vi , 40

  [ karaṇī ] f. a woman of the above mixed tribe Lit. Yājñ. i , 95

  ( with [ sutā ] ) an adopted daughter Lit. R. (ed. Gorr.) i , 19 , 9

  (in arithm.) a surd or irrational number , surd root

  the side of a square Lit. Śulbas. Comm. on Lit. VS.

  a particular measure Comm. on Lit. KātyŚr.

  a particular position of the fingers

  [ karaṇa ] n. the act of making , doing , producing , effecting Lit. ŚBr. Lit. MBh. ( very often ifc. e.g. [ muṣṭi-k ] , [ virūpa-k ] )

  an act , deed Lit. RV.

  an action (esp. a religious one) Lit. Yājñ. i , 250 Lit. R.

  the special business of any tribe or caste Lit. L.

  a calculation (esp. an astronomical one) Lit. VarBṛS.

  an astrological division of the day (these Karaṇas are eleven , viz. [ vava ] , [ valava ] , [ kaulava ] , [ taitila ] , [ gara ] , [ vaṇija ] , [ viṣṭi ] , [ śakuni ] , [ catuṣpada ] , [ kintughna ] , and [ nāga ] , two being equal to a lunar day ; the first seven are called [ a-dhruvāṇi ] or movable , and fill , eight times repeated , the space from the second half of the first day in the moon's increase to the first half of the fourteenth day in its wane ; the four others are [ dhruvāṇi ] or fixed , and occupy the four half-days from the second half of the fourteenth day in the wane of the moon to the first half of the first day in its increase) Lit. VarBṛS. Lit. Suśr.

  pronunciation , articulation , Lit. APrāt.

  ( in Gr.) a sound or word as an independent part of speech , separated from its context Lit. Pāṇ. Lit. Kāś. , ( [ karaṇa ] may be used in this way like [ kāra ] e.g. [ iti-karaṇa ] Lit. ŚāṅkhŚr.)

  the posture of an ascetic

  a posture in sexual intercourse

  instrument , means of action Lit. ŚvetUp. Lit. Yājñ. Lit. Megh.

  an organ of sense or of speech Lit. VPrāt. Lit. PārGṛ.

  (in law) an instrument , document , bond Lit. Mn. viii , 51 ; 52 ; 154

  ( in Gr.) the means or instrument by which an action is effected , the idea expressed by the instrumental case , instrumentality Lit. Pāṇ. 1-4 , 42 ; ii , 3 , 18 ; iii , 2 , 45

  cause (= [ kāraṇa ] )

  a spell , charm Lit. Kathās. ( cf. [ karaṇa-prayoga ] )

  rhythm , time Lit. Kum.

  body Lit. Megh. Lit. Kum. Lit. Kād.

  N. of a treatise of Varāha-mihira on the motion of the planets

  of a work belonging to the Śiva-darśana

  a field Lit. L.

  the mind , heart Lit. W. ( cf. [ antaḥ-karaṇa ] )

  grain Lit. W.

  (also) a sinew, tendon, muscle, Lit. Kir.