उत [ uta ] [ utá ]2 ind. and , also , even , or Lit. RV. Lit. AV. Lit. ŚBr. Lit. ChUp.

often used for the sake of emphasis , especially at the end of a line after [ iti ] or a verb (e.g. [ sarva-bhūtāni tam pārtha sadā paribhavanty uta ] , all creatures , O king , certainly always despise him Lit. MBh. iii , 1026) Lit. MBh. Lit. Bhag. (As an interrogative particle , generally at the beginning of the second or following part of a double interrogation) or , utrum - an (e.g. [ katham nirṇīyate kiṃ syān niṣkāraṇo bandhur uta viśvāsa-ghātakaḥ ] , how can it be decided whether he be a friend without a motive or a violator of confidence? Lit. Hit.) Lit. Kum. Lit. Kathās. Lit. Bhartṛ. Lit. Sāh.

in this sense it may be strengthened by [ āho ] (e.g. [ kaccit tvam asi mānuṣī utāho surāṅganā ] , art thou a mortal woman or divine? Nala) , or by [ āho-svit ] (e.g. [ śālihotraḥ kiṃ nu syād utāhosvid rājā nalaḥ ] , can it be Śālihotra or king Nala?) Rarely [ kim ] is repeated before [ uta ] used in this sense (e.g. [ kim nu svargāt prāptā tasyā rūpeṇa kimutānyāgatā ] , has she arrived from heaven or has another come in her form? Lit. Mṛicch.) Lit. Amar. Lit. MBh. (As a particle of wishing , especially at the beginning of a sentence followed by a potential) would that! utinam! (e.g. [ utādhīyīta ] , would that he would read!) ( [ uta ] preceded by [ kim] ) on the contrary , how much more , how much less (e.g. [ samartho 'si sahasram api jetuṃ kimutaikam ] , thou art able to conquer even a thousand , how much more one Lit. R.) Lit. Śak. Lit. Vikr. Lit. Ragh. ( [ uta ]preceded by [ prati ] ) on the contrary , rather (e.g. [ eṣa pṛṣṭo 'smābhir na jalpati hanti praty-uta pāṣāṇaih ] , this one questioned by us does not speak , but rather throws stones at us) Lit. Kathās. Lit. Pañcat.

[ uta vā ] , or else , and (e.g. [ samudrād uta vā purīṣāt ] , from the sea or from the moisture in the air)

[ vā ] - [ uta vā ] or [ utāho vāpi ] - [ vā ] , either - or

[ uta ] - [ uta ] , both - and (e.g. [ uta balavān utābalaḥ ] , both the strong and the weak)

[ kim ] - [ uta vā ] , whether - or else.